What term defines a network where one computer can act as both a client and a server?

The term that defines a network where one computer can act as both a client and a server is "Peer-to-Peer." In a peer-to-peer network, each participant (or peer) has equal capabilities and can directly share resources or data with one another without the need for a central server. This means that any computer in the network can request services like a client and simultaneously provide services like a server, allowing for a more decentralized approach to networking.

This model contrasts with a traditional client/server network where specific machines are designated solely as clients or servers, creating a clear distinction in roles. The peer-to-peer architecture is often more efficient for file sharing and collaboration among users, as it facilitates direct connections between users' devices. In addition, it can enhance resource utilization by allowing any peer to contribute to the network's collective resources.

The other terms listed refer to specific network layouts or models rather than to the functionality of computers within the network. For instance, "Hub and Spoke" describes a network topology with a central hub distributing data to various nodes, while "Star Network" involves connections from multiple nodes to a central device, typically a switch or hub. These options don't embody the dual role of computers as both clients and servers.