What is the purpose of a captive portal in networking?

A captive portal is a web page that users are presented with before they can access the internet or network services. Its primary purpose is to redirect users for network authentication. When a user connects to a network that utilizes a captive portal, they are typically required to log in or accept terms of service before they can gain full access to the network resources.

This process helps ensure that only authorized users can use the network and allows network administrators to track usage, enforce policies, and potentially collect data about users. The authentication can vary, often requiring users to enter a username and password or agreeing to terms and conditions, making this option essential for managing who accesses the network and under what conditions.

Captive portals are widely used in public Wi-Fi networks, like those in cafes or hotels, where the network owner needs to ensure proper usage and compliance with legal requirements.